Ovarian Cancer
Ovarian cancer is treated in our 妇科肿瘤学项目 within the 北州癌症中心.
For more information or answers to your questions about our Cancer Care, please call 315 464-hope (4673) to speak with an 北州癌症中心 representative.
Next Steps
Definition
Ovarian cancer is when cancer cells start and grow in the ovaries. The ovaries make eggs for reproduction and female hormones.
| Cancerous Mass in the Left Ovary |
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Causes
Cancer happens when cells divide without control or order. These cells grow together to form a tumor. They can invade and damage nearby tissues. They can also spread to other parts of the body.
It is not clear what causes changes in the cells. It is likely due to genes and the environment.
Risk Factors
Ovarian cancer is most common in females 50 years of age and older. Other things that may raise the risk are:
- Early first menstrual period and/or late menopause
- A family history of ovarian cancer—especially in a mother or sister
- BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutations
- Not delivering a child or breastfeeding
- 没有结扎输卵管
- Certain health problems, such as:
- A history of breast cancer or uterine cancer
Symptoms
A person may not have symptoms until ovarian cancer is advanced. 问题可能是:
- Belly pain
- Gas, indigestion、腹胀或抽筋
- Diarrhea or problems passing stool (poop)
- Lack of hunger
- Losing or gaining weight without trying
- Abnormal bleeding from the vagina
- Feeling tired
- 呼吸的问题
Diagnosis
The doctor will ask about symptoms and past health. A physical 还要做盆腔检查.
Blood tests will be done to look for signs that point to a tumor.
Pictures will be done to look for tumors and the spreading of cancer. They include:
The exam and test results are also used for staging to find out 癌症扩散了多少.
Treatment
The goal is to remove the cancer. 治疗取决于类型 和癌症的阶段. More than one treatment may be needed. Options are:
- Surgery—to remove cancer, and often the nearby tissues, such as:
- The uterus and fallopian tubes
- Lymph nodes
- Chemotherapy-杀死癌细胞
Radiation therapy may be used to treat areas where the cancer has spread.
Prevention
The risk of this problem may be lowered by:
- Eating a low fat, high fiber diet with lots of vegetables
- Surgery to remove the ovaries and fallopian tubes—in females with a genetic or family history of ovarian cancer
- 服用避孕药
- Breastfeeding
References
- General information about ovarian epithelial, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: http://www.cancer.gov/types/ovarian/patient/ovarian-epithelial-treatment-pdq.
- Ovarian cancer. American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/ovarian-cancer.html.
- Ovarian cancer. EBSCO DynaMed网站. Available at: http://www.dynamed.com/condition/ovarian-cancer.
- Tew WP. Ovarian cancer in the older woman. J Geriatr Oncol. 2016;7(5):354-61.